Abstract

Cassava has potential for many industrial uses, which provide an opportunity for more rewarding markets. Therefore, significant research on improved varieties, targeting industrial applications, is required as a possible approach to spur improvements in the value chain. In addition, the promotion of cassava for production, targeting industrial applications, requires information on yield and stability performance of cassava genotypes and varieties in a diverse range of environments. To this end, this study evaluated the physicochemical parameters and functional properties of flours from ten (10) advancedgenotypes and improved cassava varieties for industrial applications as well as the effect of genotype by environment (G X E) interaction on such physicochemical parameters and functional properties. The genotypes and varieties were collected from a multi-location (Uniform yield Trial) trial of the IITA breeding program in Malawi. Their flour samples were analysed for various physicochemical parameters and functional properties, andcompared with currently marketed High Quality Cassava Flour (HQCF). The data were obtained using multiple analytical techniques and methodology such as oven-drying, sieving, colorimetry, titration, acid hydrolysis method, the Kjeldahl procedure, UV/VIS spectrophotometry, and centrifugation.Results show that genotype effect on overall quality characteristics endearing to industrial applications was significant (p<0.05), allowing identification of industry preferred genotypes and varieties. Starch and amylopectin content are the major determinants of variability in the cassava flours' functional properties, such as water binding and oil absorption capacities, solubility, and swelling power. Overall, genotypes I020452 and I010040, and the released variety Sagonja have a significantly (p<0.05) high starch (ranged from 72.39 ± 5.23 g/100 g to 84.15 ± 2.81 g/100 g) and amylopectin content (ranged from64.49 ± 5.48 g/100 g to 74.50 g/100 g), high bulk density (ranged from 0.65 ± 0.20 g/mL to 0.69 ± 0.03 g/mL), and all the analysed functional properties. These genotypes showed comparable/or superior functional properties to the marketed HQCF. The results also showed that environments (E) and genotypes (G) and their interaction (G x E) effects were highly significant (P < 0.001) in explaining the variance of the physcochemical parameters and functional properties. Environment played a major role in influencing fresh root dry matter content (FR-DMC), bulk density and solubility. Genotype by environment (G X E) interaction played a major role in influencing starch and amylopectin content, swelling power, and water binding capacity. Additive main effect and multiplicative interaction(AMMI) analysis identified I010040, MM06/0045 and TMSL110080 genotypes and Mbundumali, Mpale and Sagonja varieties as the most stable with high yield performance. I010040 showed higher levels of starch related properties (starch and amylopectin content, bulk density, oil absorption capacity, solubility and swelling power) whereas Mbundumali yielded higher FR-DMC and also water binding capacity. Genotype TMSL110080 yielded highest FR-DMC. Therefore, the study recommends I010040, MM06/0045 and TMSL110080 genotypes and Mbundumali, Mpale and Sagonja varieties to be targeted for cultivation in wide range of environments for production of HQCF and starch for various industrial applications such as production of ethanol and bio fuels, starch and glucose syrup, and sweeters in chemical industries; thickeners, stabilizers, and texture modifiers in food, bakery and confectionery industries; binders and adhessives in paper making and plywood industries; and fillers as well as stiffeners in textile and packaging industries.

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School	: School of Natural and Applied Sciences
Issued Date	: 2021

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